The Mandarin Phonetic Symbols are a system for Mandarin pronunciation, which was developed in 1913 by the Chinese Pronunciation Unification Committee under the chairmanship of Mr. Wu Ching-heng. It consists of thirty seven symbols, namely, twenty one initials and sixteen finals. Generally speaking, the initial is the beginning sound of the whole syllable of a Chinese letter, while the final the rest of the syllable of a Chinese letter. For seventy years, the symbols have done much in unifying the pronunciation of Chinese words, resulting in making education universal and society harmonious.